The cell and gene supply chain is a critical component of the biotechnology industry, involving the production and distribution of high-value biological materials such as cells, genes, and other biomolecules. The supply chain includes various stakeholders, including cell banks, biomanufacturers, distributors, and research institutions, which work together to ensure the quality, safety, and availability of these biological materials. The supply chain is complex and vulnerable to disruptions, with potential impacts on product efficacy, patient care, and public health. To mitigate these risks, the industry is adopting advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, and digital twins to improve visibility, predictability, and resilience across the supply chain.